Chapter 2 (Teaching Approaches and Methods

CHAPTER 2

Teaching Approaches and Methods

Maricel H. Magbanua                                                  BSED II- ENGLISH

·         Approach - is a set of assumptions that define beliefs and theories about the nature of the learner and the process of learning which is translated into the classroom.

·         Method (design)- is an overall plan for systematic presentation of a lesson based upon a selected approach. It implies an orderly logical arrangement of steps. It is more procedural.

·         Techniques- are the specific activities manifested in the classroom that are consistent with a          method and therefore in harmony with an approach as well.

Teaching Approaches to the K to 12

1.    Learner-centered

2.    Inclusive

3.    Developmentally appropriate

4.    Relevant and responsive

5.    research-based

6.    culture-sensitive

7.    Contextualized and global

8.    Constructivist

9.    Inquiry-based

10. Reflective

11. Collaborative

12.  Mother tongue-based

13.  Spiral progression

14.  flexible, indigenized and localized

MTB-MLE-based

Mother Tongue-based Multilingual Education. In MTB-MLE, teaching is done in    more than one language beginning with the Mother Tongue. The Mother tongue is used as a medium of instruction from K to 3 in addition to its being taught as a subject from Grades 1 to 3.

Different Methods of Teaching

1.    Direct and Indirect Method

·         The direct method - is teacher-dominated. You lecture immediately on what you want the students to learn without necessarily involving them in the process.

·         The indirect method, you synthesize what have been shared to connect loose ends and give a whole picture of the past class proceedings and ideas shared before you lead them to the drawing of generalizations or conclusions.

2.    Deductive and inductive methods,

Deductive method - you begin your lesson with a generalization, a rule, a definition and end with examples and illustrations or with what is concrete.

Inductive method - you begin your lesson with examples, with what is known, with the concrete and with details. You end with the students giving the generalization, abstraction or conclusion.

There is no such thing as the best method. The best method is the method that works, is effective and will enable you to realize your intended outcome.

Effectiveness of a method depends on…

1) Teacher’s readiness

2) Learner’s readiness

3) Nature of the subject matter

4) Time allotment for a subject

Reflection

There are many ways to promote the development of the students’ reflective capacity, ranging from short one-off exercises to large course-wide approaches, and the approach can also be purely for development or incorporated into formal assessment. While instinctive reflection is common, many students will have little or no experience of more formal reflection and will initially need to be supported through the process. Recorded reflections could be for personal use or shared with tutors.

Feedforward is a common way to encourage students to reflect on their learning and achievement. It involves the students recording their reflections on their assessment feedback and grade, and most importantly how they will use the feedback to improve future work and address shortcomings in their knowledge. To ensure that students do take part in the process, it is typical in feedforward that the students will include a brief explanation of how they have used previous feedback with their assignment submissions.

Through this lesson I learned the different types of Teaching method which we can use/ apply in the future purposes it will enhanced our skills in dealing with the different kinds of students, this lesson or chapter also give me an overview on how handle students with the different kind of approaches when you can use it to a livelier and energetic class discussion.  In this chapter we seen a Chinese proverb ““A thousand teachers, a thousand methods” it is indeed true because every teacher have its own and unique style to deal or interact with her/his students, so this proverb truly tells us what a teacher can do to communicate and be able to give knowledge to his/her students. Teacher are definitely an intelligent one.

In this chapter, I gained so much knowledge about the terminologies and methods and I’m pretty sure that it will help me improve myself to become a better teacher in the future which I can also impart knowledge to my students. This chapter really gives me the idea about on how to teach creatively using different types of methods and terminologies which I am able to apply for future purposes.